Cel, short for celluloid , is a transparent sheet on which objects are drawn or painted for traditional, hand-drawn animation. Actual celluloid was used during the first half of the 20th century, but since it was flammable and dimensionally unstable it was it largely replaced by cellulose acetate.
The invention of Cel Animation is generally attributed to Earl Hurd, who had patented this process in 1914.
Generally, the characters are drawn on cels and laid over a static background drawing. This reduces the number of times that an image has to be redrawn and enables studios to split up the production process to different specialized teams.
An example of Cel Animation.
ADVANTAGES: Quicker to make, Cheaper, Innovative for its time
DISADVANTAGES:Highly flammable, Can't save characters since it's drawn
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